Developing Profit with Online Sales Promotions

Developing Profit with Online Sales Promotions Promotional Mix is consists of 4ps (Sales promotion, advertising, personal selling, and publicity/public relations) and has a very significant role to play in Business success .Basically, Sales promotion is concerned with ensuring that customer are aware of the different products manufactured by companies and makes available to their customers (Rowley J. 1998).Promotion alters consumer behaviour beyond the normal price/quantity trade-off, change in buying time of the product, as well as how much the customer buys (Blattberg et al., 1995). Marketing Communication is one of the very important Marketing activities and is generally preferred to the term PROMOTION. All of the Marketing communication activities are the form of promotion that is in one way or another try to promote product range brand and/or company (Rowley J. 1998). The Internet is a best tool to provide an efficient way for, Marketing communication. It has been observed that the adoption of the Internet is faster than any other media. Other Medias like Radio (took 38 years) and TV (took 13 years) to reach 50 million users, whereas Internet took only five years to achieve this level (Ellsworth and Ellsworth, 1997). Companies are also conducting promotional programs using social networking websites such as Facebook, Orkut, Hi5, and Twitter. Many researchers realized that Internet would improve the Marketing communication process and it will increase future sales. Internet websites act like an information provider, and organizations encourage customers to visit their websites. Tools such as print advertising, text messaging and broadcast are being used to bring about such visits (Harridge and March, 2004). The development of different tools of promotion, such as sales promotion, advertising and direct marketing have been improved by the development of the technology, which has offered the potential to communicate with customers ( Harridge and March, 2004).This has been done in order to maximize the effectiveness of the tools, but to achieve this a unified integration is needed ( Cornelisessen and Lock, 2001).The synergy generated by such a integration far outweighs the use of individual tools in isolation, although it has been suggested that the Internet has increased effectiveness and efficiency in communicating with customers ( Harridge and March, 2004). Promotions should not be considered as a simply price promotions, rather it should be considered in a broader content and will include advertising budgets, display allowance to the trade, as well as feature and display advertising activity direct to the customer (Blattberg et al., 1995). In order to meet the promotional objectives of any given promotion strategy an appropriate promotional mix must be created. The promotional mix is the mixture of two or more different promotional channels that is used to communicate a promotional message with customers (Rowley J, 1998). 1.2 Problem Discussion In year 2001, over a one third adults of the UK who accessed the Internet also purchased goods or services through it. This means remaining two-third do not shop online. Some companies have been criticized for apparently thinking that all the Internet shoppers are the same, instead of realizing that there are many reasons why a customer may visit a web site (ibid). On the other hand, due to very high competition in Market there is a massive pressure on marketers to increase their spending on the promotional mix. While at the same time top management has examined carefully that promotional expenditures are among one of the most promising areas left for cutting costs and increasing profits. This study puts extreme pressure on Marketers to develop and implement promotional programs within the constraints of tighter budgets and can contribute to their organizations. Hence, it is important to reexamine how promotional money is spent (Srinivasan and Anderson, 2008). In todays Businesses sales promotions are very important Marketing tools but they command a greater portion of the Marketing budget than advertisements. For example, in the USA investments amount on sales promotion is nearly 30 percent of what company spend on advertising alone (d Astous and Jacob, 2005) and in many European countries, expenditures on sales promotion are larger than advertising expenditures (ibid). However, advertisements are very popular and a big business on the Internet, sales promotions on the Internet are still limited. The reason behind this is that Internet is not so common in underdeveloped and developing nations and reaching customers using this technology is difficult because not everyone is accessing Internet (Kumar et al., 2005). Since there are many other problems on which research is needed and I will try to cover them in Dissertation. 1.3 Research purpose and research questions. The Purpose of my Dissertation is to provide understanding on the use of online sales promotions in todays competitive market. How it can be improved and make it more profitable? In order to achieve this purpose I have constructed the following research questions. Que1-How can the types of sales promotions for consumer goods be described? Que2-How can online environment (i.e. Internet) providing types of sales promotion be described? Methodology Purpose of Research According to Yin (2004) the purpose of Research study can be described in three categories: exploratory, descriptive, or explanatory. According to Zikmund (2000) good researchers strive for descriptive precision. Descriptive Research includes: Surveys (questionnaires, Delphi method, normative, interviews) Case studies Job Analysis Co relational studies Documentary Analysis *Development studies and, I will try to conduct questionnaires and include case studies to my dissertation. Descriptive Research is useful to find out the answer of who, what, when, where, and how, and to find the need, difference, Characteristics, and features of subgroups (ibid). Explanatory Research is conducted when we are supposed to identify the causal relationships, among variables (Zikmund, 2000). It helps in determining the best research design, selection of subjects and data collection methods. It relies on secondary Research such as literature reviewing, qualitative approaches such as informal discussion with consumers, management or employees and formal approaches through focus groups, case studies, etc. The Research purpose and questions show that this Dissertation is going to be mainly descriptive and somewhere I will use explanatory Research also to explore and find out the answers to Research questions and to draw conclusions. Research Approach In this study qualitative approach will be used. Qualitative research is used to determine the answer to Why not the How through case studies, emails, interviews, customers feedback forms, photos and videos. It is used to understand peoples attitudes, concerns, behaviours, culture or lifestyles, motivations and helps in taking Business decisions (Yin, 2004). According to Amaratunga et al., (2002) it is difficult to make accountable speech on Qualitative Research in Business economics. The purpose of my Dissertation is to enhance understanding on the use of online environment for sales promotions. On the basis of above discussion Qualitative approach is suitable and hence I will use Qualitative approach. Data collection method According to Yin (2004), for data collection, participant observations are one of the most important sources of case study. These observations provide strength of being real, contextual, and also provide understanding of interpersonal behaviour and motives. It is a mode of observation where researcher is not a passive observer. Instead, researcher may have to play many roles within a case according to situation and may participate in the events being studied (ibid). Therefore, for this Dissertation data would be collected by participant observation. Sample Selection According to Gragiano and Raulin (1997), it is not possible to collect and gain data from all the available sources to solve the research problems and to find the solutions. Techniques provided by sampling reduce the amount of data that is needed to collect from a sub-group (Saunders Thorn hill, 2000). Sample for case studies can be chosen in many ways (Yin, 2004). For my dissertation I will use judgmental or purposive sampling. According to Saunders (2000) purposive sampling enables researcher to use judgment to select cases that will best enable researcher to answer research questions and to meet objectives. It can be use when we have to work with very small samples such as in case study research. http://www.qsrinternational.com/what-is-qualitative-research.aspx

Khushwant Singh Writing Style

Khushwant Singh Writing Style Khushwant Singh is one of the major Indian English novelists of our times. He is not only a novelist but also a short story writer, a columnist, a journalist, an editor. He has five novels to his credit besides a large number of works on other subjects. He is a reputed social realist. He is a sensitive artist who has used realism so as to present his humanistic vision of life. He is very keen to explore the realities of life. He has a sensitive understanding of the problems of contemporary Indian society. His intimate knowledge of rural and urban India life is an out come of his minute observation of life. He is a product of western education and culture but he is at heart a Sikh and an Indian. Realism is a remarkable feature of Indian English novel in which Indian sensibility is expressed through a foreign language. T. Anganeyulu rightly says: Realism shows real life, facts in a true way. It omits nothing that is ugly and painful and idealizes nothing. The term realism means (1) a theory of writing in which the familiar ordinary aspects of life are depicted in a matter of fact, straight forward manner designed to reflect life as it actually is, ( 2) treatment of subject matter in a way that presents careful descriptions of every day life, often the lives of so-called middle or lower-middle classes. Realism which refers to both the content and technique of literary creation has been evident in literature from its very beginning. Indian novelists show a passionate awareness of life in India the social awakening and protest, the poverty and hunger of the peasants, various dimensions of the struggle for independence the tragedy of partition, social and political changes along with inner life of the sensitive, suffering individuals. Different Indian English novelists have treated different aspects of social life. Khushwant Singh, like other Indian novelists, explores social, political realities of contemporary Indian life. His main concern is the man and the reality. He has established himself as a distinguished writer of social realism with the publication of his first novel, Train to Pakistan. The term social realism means the depiction in literature of social reality in its true colours. The emergence of social realistic novel in Indian fiction in English is due to the rise of Nationalistic Movement. The novelists who have been influenced by this movement roused the feelings of nationalism in common man through their works. They also tried their hands to make the people socially and economically conscious. Most of Khushwant Singhs critics have talked about his realistic portrayal of sex and violence, they have not fully apprehended the expensive scope of his vision of humanism. Khushwant Singh is, no doubt, a writer of social novels but not only sex and violence. He does not keep the surface reality. Unlike the other social writers Khushwant Singh selects his material from the bewildering variety of life and his vision is truly comprehensive. In shaping the emotional world of an artist the social milieu is one of the determining factors. The more deeply he reflects on the basic trends of society and the more sensitive he is to its processes, the more significant is his work. Khushwant Singhs special contribution lies in the portrayal of political life in India. Sex, violence are not the only realities Singhs social novels transcend this ideological boundary and present the real picture of society, encompassing the broader humanity. Through his characters he enlivens the contemporary Indian life. He portrays man objectively in relation to society without making him a mouthpiece of any preconceived ideology. Khushwant Singhs fictional world indicates the richness and depth of his apprehension of reality. He deals with various aspects of social reality. He is the oldest living monument of Delhi. He himself is history. He is the witness of pre-partition national movement, post-partition, Independence, and the modern complex world. He is much interested in human relation. His East-West education and rural-urban life help his fictional world to record contemporary socio-political tensions. He, thus, presents a panoramic view of Indian life. The relation between literature and society is integral and eternal. The reflexive value of literature though important, cannot be the sole basis of evaluating literature. The angle of vision with which the artist undergoes the experience also shapes the picture of reality presented in his work. Khushwant Singhs work has socio-religion-political context, but he is not always in the mood of iconoclastic anger. He is not a committed writer in the narrow sense of being bound up with an ideology or a school. There is no didacticism or moralization in his novels. He neither uses his art for allowed propaganda, nor professes indulgence in art for arts sake. He is the artists detachment with a humanistic basis. Khushwant Singhs angle of vision is also shaped by his devotion to human interest. As for example Train to Pakistan shows the unconquerable spirit of man in the face of mighty forces of wickedness and savagery. The novel implies Khushwant Singhs optimistic and affirmative views and his enduring faith in the values of love and humanity. As V.A. Shahane observes Khushwant Singhs realism: Is not an attempt at a book-keeping of existence, but an artistic endeavour to transcend the actual, asserting the dignity of individual stimuli and expressing the tragic splendour of mans sacrifice for woman. (Khushwant Singh 347) It is a grim story of individuals and communities caught in the holocaust of partition of the sub-continent into two states India and Pakistan in 1947. Train to Pakistan is a social, realistic novel. Its social realism is found in characters scenes and language. As D.Prempati says: What sort of social realism does one find in Train to Pakistan? The formula which got this novel its well deserved popularity was: A sincere belief in traditional moral and social standards of Indian society and a charming narrative skillà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. It is, therefore, obvious that Train to Pakistan is a documentary novel with no claims whatsoever to the artistic technique and extra artistic philosophies of social realism and naturalism. (Three Contemporary Novelists 113-114) The setting of the first three novels, Train to Pakistan, I Shall Not Hear the Nightingale, Delhi is in the context of some historical framework. Khushwant Singh at the same time plays the role of a writer as well as historian. They have an intrinsic quality and ability to look beyond his time. As a novelist he is most responsive to the call of equality, freedom and human rights. It is the writer Khushwant Singh whose writing make the common people socially, politically and culturally conscious. He designed the novels not only to give insight into a period of history, but are exemplary; he illustrates action and are ideal in the sense of manifesting the universal form of human action. Like the other Indian writers, Khushwant Singh responded to these happenings with a sense of horror. A large number of novels were written on freedom movement and on the theme of partition. The novelists skillfully records the reign of violence and the complete destruction of human values. Literature is the reflection of life. Various events and experience find representation in books. Not all are good, pleasant or profitable. It is the business of a writer to hold a mirror to life. In doing so he may paint some ugly pictures. Who can label these pictures ugly and why if he has comprehended literature? There is nothing good or bad in literature. The writer espies a person or observes an event and records his opinion in a language and style known to him. It all scribblers were to subscribes their views identically, English would be reduced to sheer Arithmetic. Khushwant Singh very efficiently portrays the real picture of the contemporary society and the social, political and religious behaviour of the people. As we find in Train to Pakintan, the original pictures of the village Mano Majra before and after partition, the love story of Nooran and Jugga, the greedy people, death and violence. Khushwant Singh depicts the peaceful co-existence of Hindu, Muslim, Sikh in a multi-religion society. It has only three brick buildings, one of which is the home of Hindu money lender Lala Ram Lal. The other two are the Sikh Temple and the Mosque. Their common sharing of the large peepul tree is unmistakably the rich common heritage shared by different communities in India. Here life is regulated by the trains which rattle across the near by river bridge. Lala Ram Lal is murdered by Mali and his gang. Suspicion falls on Juggat Singh, the village gangster, who is carrying on a clandestine affair with Muslim girl Nooran, A western educated communist is al so involved. A train comes full of dead Sikhs. Some days later the same thing happens again, and the village becomes a battlefield of conflicting loyalties, and neither magistrate nor police can stem the rising tide of violence. I Shall Not Hear the Nightingale is appreciated for significant portrayals of the Sikh life and traditions in the days of pre-Independence India. Buta Singh and Wazir Chand both the magistrates cherish pro-British ideology. Their son Sher Singh and Madan are anti British in their attitude. The womenfolk of Buta Singhs family and of wazir chands family are not bothered about the political life of the country. They are mainly concerned with the security of family life and comfortable living. Sabhrai, wife of Buta Singh happens to be a very religious lady who believes in the sanctity of Granth Sahib and the supremacy of Guru Govind Singh. Champak represents the clandestine affair of the contemporary high society lady. The illicit relationship between Shunno and Peer Sahib is depicted as a counter part to the affairs between (the upper class) Madan and Champak. Khushwant Singh tells us that sexual and sensual urges are very common in all classes of society. Mundoo represents the poor con dition of child labour in pre-Independence India. Buta Singhs relationship with Taylor speaks about the behaviour of British rulers with Indian officials. The novel Delhi is full of Muslim customs and rituals. The novel is not a dirge sung over lost empires. It is a celebration of the unique power of a culture and civilization, the power to generate some of the finer values of life; the power to ensure the survival of these values in the face of a nation; collective debasement, and above all, the power to ensure that when all is lost, an awareness of loss remains. It is superb in its vulgarity and myriad evils of perversity. It is also superb in symbolism of the Indian society, its contradiction, balances, caste and religious communalism, racial and ethnic strife, the spirit of unity in diversity. The trio-Musaddi Lal Kaysatha, Nihal Singh and Jaita Rangreta in their monologues make a rational assessment of social and political situation and plight of the people in general. Musaddi Lal in his helplessness compares himself with a hijda,; as is the case of Bhagmati, a symbol of Delhi, for their inherent qualities to adapt themselves to any circumstances. The writer depicts every kind of sexual encounter efficiently. The Company of Women is also based on man-woman relationship. The novel begins with its hero Mohan Kumar, a successful Delhis businessman, breaking off with his wife and his everlasting lusty effort to set up more flexible arrangement for appeasement of his physical needs. The novel also provides middle class aspirations, the concept of arranged marriages in India, which are often akin to business bargains and the desire for scandalous gossip of the urban elite. The novel chronologically presents the women with whom the hero beds, including his wife. Here Singh seems to have been extending the idea that love and sex know no caste, class and community bar. Violence is another fundamental aspect in Khushwant Singhs novel. But his final aim is not only to highlight communal violence death, disaster, hate, and vendetta but also to show the path of humanism. Singhs protest against violence, bloodshed and hatred is not merely a physical phenomenon but a continuous process of human civilization. In Train to Pakistan the Hindu Muslim and Sikh Muslim riots, death, violence, disorder, chaos are intricately depicted not only at the political level but also at the personal level. At the end Khushwant Singh hints at the ultimate humanism through the love story of Nooran and Jugga. Love has great impact in human life and it seems to be the only resisting human power against all inhuman evil forces. In the days of communal riots, the human relationship among the Hindus Sikhs and Muslims determines the human values; man woman love relationship has greater power than the other evil forces. No evil force can subdue love in respect of time or societ y as the writer presents in the novel. In I Shall Not Hear the Nightingale, Khushwant Singh is again preoccupied by the theme of the antithesis between violence and right moral conduct and the notion that the only redemptive feature of a situation which justifies pessimisms, or cynicism of outlook depends on a single demonstration of personal sacrifice, honesty and moral consistency. In the novel Buta Singh and Taylor represent not only two different communities but also two different nationalities. At the end Mrs. Taylor and Sabhirai transcend all narrow thoughts of traditional and religious belief. The essence of humanism is in love not in hate and this we find in a micro level in the novel. Hindu-Muslim riots, Sikh Hindu riots, Jaliwanawala Bagh massacres and assassination of Indira Gandhi are efficiently depicted in the novel Delhi. The anti-Hindu feeling that has prevailed ever since the first Muslim invader came in is emphasized throughout the novel. The arrogance of the Islamic leaders, their dreams of uprooting Hinduism and their belief that they are the only race capable of salvaging the Hindus comes through a number of characters like Taimur, Augangzeb, and Nadir Shah. Sufi idealism is depicted here as the way of humanism. The Sufi way of life, its philosophy, is imparted to the readers through saint Nizamuddin in his long discourses with Sultan Ghiasuddin Balban. Bhagmati is a symbol of Delhi and from the beginning to the end displays non-communal attitude and has an intrinsic urge to protect the Sikh narrator. Ultimately, Khushwant Singh tries to establish his vision of humanism as an antidote against violence and communalism. Being a humanist, he cannot help speaking from the point of view of the common man. He warns us that we should stop letting the politicians use religion to take advantage of the sentiment of the masses. This only leads to bloodshed, tremendous loss of life and property. Singh very competently analyses the use of religion by the rulers from the earliest times. He indicates the politicians and holds them responsible for the ills that plague our society. Instead of addressing the real issues like economic disparity, the people in power are only concerned with consolidating their own positions. He also makes the readers aware of charlatans in our society who prey upon unsuspecting people in the guise of religion. He does this in a very genial, good-natured and humorous manner. He does not try to hurt the sentiments of any particular religious community in any of his writings. Neither does he mock at those for whom belief in their particular religion is something holy and sacred. Rather, he reveals the positive aspect of religion also in I Shall Not Hear the Nightingale. It is the intense faith of Sabhrai that provides succour to her family and holds it together in the face of crisis. Religion also provided comfort to the minorities and the down trodden as is seen in the case of Mussadi Lal and Jaita Rangreta, in Delhi. Down the ages, religion was exploited by successive rulers to strengthen their own position. Of these, it was the English who exploited it to the maximum to foster divisive tendencies. After they left, the national leaders ignored discontent among the masses. Over the years this dissatisfaction was channeled into communalism, again by leaders intent on securing power for themselves. This led to further alienation between the different communities. This is the sinister side of religion, and Singh tries to make one aware of this. Indian history is replete with examples of religion being used as a tool by rulers to secure gains for themselves. Khushwant Singh has desperately tried to expose this unpalatable fact through all his works, specially Train to Pakistan and Delhi. He exhorts people to see through the manipulations of the leaders in the name of religion, and to stop being used as hapless pawns by them. He writes of this so brilliantly that the reader cannot help being moved. In India there is an inexorable link between religion and politics. Khushwant Singh being a journalist and a sociologist of sorts has taken note of this fact. Khushwant Singh is able to write so feelingly about religion and politics because he has been personally involved with the subject. His earliest memories are those of his grandmother reciting passages from the Granth Sahib and the Sukhmani. Years later he was a spectator to the horror unleashed by the partition. He was also a witness to the terrible tragedy of the anti-Sikh riots. It is his close association with these subjects that has enabled him to write so poignantly about them. Beginning with Hadali and his grandmother, both of whom have been immortalized in his writings, Singh has written about every subject that has touched him. His friends, family, and his identity as a Sikh; all find a place in his fiction. Apart from this, he writes feelingly about the partition and the city of Delhi that has been home to him ever since he left Lahore. His writing has been enriched by the substantial autobiographical note which is all pervasive in his fiction. In fact, two chapters in Delhi , The Builders and The Dispossessed have been fashioned through the history of his own family. There has been a growth in the autobiographical content in Khushwant Singhs works. This is evident in Delhi where he is not afraid to speak his personal views and the details of his life. This reveals the maturing and innate honesty of the writer, whereby he is equally comfortable with the squalid, as well as the wonderful aspects of his life.

Feminists :: essays research papers

Feminists While surfing the internet yesterday I came across an article discussing women and their role in a changing society. The article, which was written by Karin Crosbie stated that although women have come a long way in the field of women's rights, there is still a long way to go. Crosbie stated that she is a feminist, and as a feminist it is her responsibility to see that action is taken to further the cause of the women by any means necessary. She explains that women should not have to prove anything to men by such means as shaving their legs, nor conform by covering up the natural self with makeup. I agree with the overall concept she is trying to convey, I feel that women do need to take action, and that not all opportunities are yet equal. The problem I have with her article is the image that she and other contemporary activists are coveying to the rest of society. When I think of a feminist two pictures come into mind. The first, which maybe a little outdated is a women like Susan B. Anthony, someone fighting for real issues that matter. The second is of a women like the author above, someone who is extreme just to be extreme. To my disappointment it seems the later is becoming more prevalent within society. After reading the article I scrolled down the page to where it listed "more feminist links", the five that were given consisted of; three lesbian rights pages, and two "neo-feminist pages". Thinking this must be only a small percentage of feminist pages which were given by this specific author, I went back and searched many of the feminist pages on the web myself. To my unpleasant surprise it turned out that almost all were expressive of the same extreme theme. So what does the current view of feminists as a whole mean to society? I feel that the current view of feminists is detrimental to the women's movement. One reason is that I feel the current views expressed by Crosbie are not only unattractive but in a way repulsive. Once women could be proud to say they were feminists. Today it is some kind of extreme word that places you amongst radicals. This image could turn away perspective activists who would be major contributors to the movement. Another reason is that the focus has become more on trivial extremities then on real issues. No one cares if women shaves her legs or not, and although it might be some kind of symbolic stand I feel it is a

Grasshoppers :: essays research papers

Grasshoppers are herbivorous insects of the suborder Caelifera in the order Orthoptera. To distinguish them from bush crickets or katydids, they are sometimes referred to as short-horn grasshoppers. Species that change colour and behaviour at high population densities are called locusts. The Characteristics of a Grasshopper The Grasshoppers have antennae that are almost always shorter than the body (sometime filamentous), and short ovipositors. These species that make easily heard noise usually do so by rubbing the hind femurs against the forewings or abdomen (stridulation), or by snapping the wing sin flight. Tympana, if present, are on the sides of the first abdominal segment. The hind femora are typically long and strong fitted for leaping. Generally they are winged, but hind winds are membranous while front wings (tegmina) are coriaceous and not fit for flight. Females are normally larger than males, with short ovipositors. They are easily confused with the other sub-order of Orthoptera Ensifea, but are different in many aspects, such as the segments in their antennae and structure of the ovipositor, as well as Ensiferans have antennae with at least 30 segments and Caelifera have fewer. In evolutionary terms, the spilt between the Caelifera and the Ensifera is no more recent than the Permo-Triassic boundary (Zeuner 1939) Their Diverstiry and range Recent estimates (Kevan 1982, GÃ ¼nther, 1980, 1992, Otte 1994-1995 subsequent literature) indicate some 2,400 valid Caeliferan Genera and about 11,000 valid species described to date. Many un-described species exist, especially in tropical wet forests. The Caelifera are predominantly tropical but most super families are presented world wide. Families The suborder Caelifera consists primarily of five major families: ? Acrididae (field Grasshoppers and locusts) ? Emuastacidae (tanaocerids) ? Tetrigidae (grouse locusts, pygmy grasshoppers, and pygmy locusts) ? Tridactylidae (pygmy mole crickets) The most important family is Acrididae consisting of about 10,000 species. The family is characterised by the short thickened antennae and relatively unmodified anatomy, they are visually more striking than othe Caelifera, die to the adult?

My Philosophy of Teaching Essay -- Philosophy of Education Teachers Es

My Philosophy of Teaching Teaching is the most rewarding and self-fulfilling career that I could imagine myself doing. The satisfaction that is received when watching a child’s eyes light up when they have comprehended and understood the topics that I have been teaching is a feeling of great achievement. Teaching children to become productive adults helps the foundation of our society. Today’s children are tomorrow’s adults. I want to help society the best way that I know how. I want to be a teacher. My life long dream has always been to become not only a teacher, but also a mentor. Education as an occupation is not a high paid position, but the amount of self-gratification that could be received is the best reward that I could achieve. I have always been good with children and have been involved through various activities and sports. As a coach, I have instructed youth athletes on various ways to perform in the sport that the athlete is participating in. In a real situation, when I see the athlete perform what I have taught, I feel a sense of pride and accomplishment. If I can feel that good about helping out in extra-curricular activities, I can only imagine how I would feel when teaching the core subjects in everyday school life. Essentialism may be the philosophy of teaching that I plan to practice, because I do believe in the back-to-basics approach of teaching. Essentials in the academic process along with the development of the students’ character is extremely important for these students when faced with the real world. It is extremely important that students learn the primary subjects. I do feel certain subjects need to be addressed each and every day to help the students achieve the necessary skills they will re... ... a good educator. This will open up my mind to even more knowledge, which I can transfer to my students and my classroom In conclusion, I would like to state that in my classroom, I would be the one who teaches the core subjects. I will also be the one who helps the students along with technological skills that will help them in their future. I will try and help the students from the "bad home" become self-confident, secure, and comfortable in the classroom environment. As a teacher, I will not be strictly the essentialist, perennialist, or even the behaviorist. I will incorporate all aspects of these philosophies of teaching into my classroom. I will also be a teacher that is compassionate, caring, understanding, and willing to go the extra mile for my students. I will be a teacher who is adaptable to my students’ environment and the situation in the classroom.

Pride and Prejudice Prediction Essay

In today’s society, everyone looks to find real love. They want to find â€Å"the right one†, get married, and live happily with that one person for as long as the world allows them. Some people will wait as long as it takes to find that special someone, while others find their true love in high school. Is it not amazing that we are given the opportunity to find our own love whenever we want? Then again, we are the only ones who know what we really want for ourselves. So, imagine if we did not get that opportunity of picking who we want to share our lives with for as long as we live.I have a hard time letting my mom pick out my clothes, let alone that special someone that I have to live the rest of my life with. In the book Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen, life is the total opposite of what it is today. Instead of you getting to choose who you want to be with, that person is chosen for you. Sounds like an awful time. The mother would have to pick the spouse and all s he cared about was finding the wealthiest man. Two of the main characters that I want to talk about is Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth Bennet. From what I have read of the book so far, all these two have done is bicker and disagree on almost everything.But, I think they will fall in love anyway. Even though they seem like total opposites, I think their personalities are a lot alike because they are both very out spoken. Elizabeth Bennet is the second oldest daughter of the five Bennet sisters. She is also known to be the most intelligent, but she is often compared to her sister, Jane, as being of lesser beauty. She is always speaking her mind even though it was frowned upon as a lady during that time period, and she often gets funny looks for what comes out of her mouth.She is very independent and is not fond of people who tell her what to do, which is what that time period was all about for the women. Elizabeth has a very strong personality and it is very hard to confuse her with anyone el se. Mr. Darcy is a very wealthy man and is the master of Pemberley and he is also the nephew of Lady Catherine de Bourgh. Mr. Darcy is very intelligent and honest and he is quite proud of it. His excess amount of pride causes him to look down on others in lower social classes and he kind of treats Elizabeth like this in the beginning of the book.So far in the book he learns to control his temper and class-consciousness and starts to fall in love with Elizabeth and begins to admire her strong character and different personality. Quote: â€Å"Not at all,† he replied; â€Å"they were brightened by the exercise. † –Mr. Darcy In the quote, Mr. Darcy is telling Miss Bingley that Elizabeth looked rather well after all the exercise of walking to see her ill sister Jane. While Miss Bingley was making fun of Elizabeth for having a dirty petticoat, Mr. Darcy completely looked past the fact that she was muddy and a little bit of wreck from the long walk by herself.In fact, he talks about how nice her eyes looked from the exercise and complimented her. I think this quote is pretty important because Mr. Darcy is all about himself and so full of pride and it seems like he only likes to look down on people. But, he compliments Elizabeth when Miss Bingley was making fun of her. He ignores the fact that she is dirty and looks like a mess and only notices how bright her eyes looked from the exercise. I think this is so much of a big deal because Mr. Darcy never compliments anyone and really never says anything nice at all.I thought he was just looking past all of the obvious flaws that everyone else noticed and only looked at what caught his eye. Quote: â€Å"Elizabeth, having rather expected to affront him, was amazed at his gallantry; but there was a mixture of sweetness and archness in her manner which made it difficult for her to affront anybody; and Darcy had never been so bewitched by any woman as he was by her. He really believed that were it not for the inferiority of her connections, he should be in some danger. –Narrator This quote comes from chapter 10 after Mr. Darcy asks Elizabeth to dance with him. What Elizabeth said to Mr. Darcy after he asked her to dance was no because she thought he was going to despise her taste. She did not want to make a fool of herself, even though Mr. Darcy had no intention of doing so. The quote mentions how Elizabeth was amazed at his courtesy and thoughtfulness but there was a mixture of sweetness and mischievousness in the way he was acting and that she would have a hard time insulting anyone.I think this quote is important because even though Elizabeth just confronted him about the way she feels his attitude is towards her, she still finds him attractive in many ways. Then Mr. Darcy mentions how he had never been so bewitched by any other woman as he was by her. She just told him how she felt about him in a rude way and he still finds her so attractive, or that might have encouraged the way he feels towards her. I predict that Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth Bennet will fall in love by the end of the book.Even though they disagree and argue a lot throughout the book, their personalities are a lot alike since they are both so outspoken. One thing that happens between Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth is when she shows up to take care of her sister Jane and her petticoat is filthy but Mr. Darcy only talks about how nice her eyes looked from the exercise. Since he looks down on everyone else you would expect him to do the same during that moment. Another is when Elizabeth tells Mr. Darcy off and all they can both think about how attracted they are to one another.

Historical Investigation Essay

Assess the impact of the period from 1969 1982 on the wrath/Sinn Fein and their development into a epochal governmental force in Federal IrelandAssess the impact of the period from 1969 1982 on the wrath/Sinn Fein and their development into a world-shattering semi policy-making force in northerly IrelandDuring the period from 1969-1982 both the individual retirement account and Sinn Fein underwent substantive change. Sinn Fein moved from a fringe graphic symbol, in the nationalist breakeavor of Yankee Ireland, to a dominant governmental position. During a conviction of in ten-spotse causation in the sp here an internal discussion was taking place, deliberating on the value of fortify resistance versus political engagement. The i views that rose out of this trans make the suit and laid the basis for the central mapping it would play in the eventual goodish Fri daytime Agreement of 1998. The re-emergence of the nationalist movement take to the rise and resurrect ion of groups much(prenominal)(prenominal) as the ire. course this caused much tension, and incidences of hysteria began to rise. Acts of exceptional expostulation showed the incomparable position of politics everyplace ferocity and light-emitting diode to international intelligence of the issue. Ultimately Sinn Fein developed into angiotensin-converting enzyme of the some powerful political forces in northerly Ireland.After years in the dark the nationalist movement began to rapidly deduct momentum when the Belfast Troubles began in 1969. The angriness had been deeply divided since 1921 when Dail Eireann chose to ratify the Anglo- Irish treaty. The treaty established the autonomous Irish Free State whilst the province of Ulster remained under the account figure of the fall in res publica. nonwithstanding the detail that angriness member Michael collins had contend a role in writing the treaty at that place was motionlessness a major difference of tactual sensation among members of the ire.1 They were divided in the midst of those who were for the insane asylum of the Free State and those who believed it was il true and illegal. The go over the treaty led to the Irish Civil warfare from 1922-3. Many of the argue go baders had been close friends and comrades during the Irish war of Independence. The civil war split the choler and this rift would expand to haunt Irish politics for more than years to come.In the 1960s the choler was further marginalised as it came under the influence of left university extension thinkers. This caused a split amongst the factions of the wrath based in Dublin and Belfast.2 In 1969 the wounds of old were once stirred once more when northerly Ireland was rocked by bloody sectary rioting. The bloodiest rioting was in Belfast where septenary slew were killed and cardinals injured.3 Violence escalated sharply later on these events and new para array groups came into existence on either si de of the appointment. The probationary ira wind an upsurge in membership. It was from here that The Troubles, one of the most infamous periods in Irish history began.The vehemence was characterised by armed passs of para host groups. Conflict flush the streets and umpteen innocent slew were oftentimes attacked. Alongside the violence in that location was stalemate between the major political secernies of northern Ireland over how the province would be ad take careed and governed. 1972 motto an explosion of political violence in Federal Ireland in which many another(prenominal) people lost their lives. The nationalist community saw the Provisional angriness as their defenders, who began an armed campaign in reaction to loyalist provoked violence. During this period the political political company Sinn Fein had no pastime in electoral politics.4 They voice the need for military opposition to British rule in Northern Ireland. They gained control of the republica n movement and began to focus on flooding nationalist propaganda end-to-end Northern Ireland.Membership began to skyrocket as anti-British thought ran rife. The Republican political party Sinn Fein reinforced the foundations for a movement which in ten years would expand to turn over branches in every town in Ireland.Atrocities by loyalists and British forces themselves were used to justify the IRA as a movement and exalt many to stand up and shin for the cause they all believed in. On 30 January 19725 in the city of Derry, Northern Ireland border, mayhap one of the largest single atrocities of the Troubles period occurred. During a Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association sue in the bogside area of the city members of the world-class Battalion of the British Parachute regiment undecided fire on many unarmed knowledgeors. Twenty seven people are k right a agencyn to have been gun for hire and fourteen of those were killed with at least tail fin of the latter confirmed as be smack in the back.6 Witnesses, including bystanders and British journalists, testify that all those shot appeared to be unarmed. Many individual atrocities occurred that day witnessed by hundreds of people. Eye witness Michael McCallion testified that A cub came out with a white flag, no sooner had he done this when the midsection of collar British soldiers pulled the trigger and shot him by dint of the head.I have witnessed this as God is my judge and I understand that it was cold blooded murder.7 Testimonies such(prenominal) as this confirm the extreme acts of violence the British committed unnecessarily on that day. One paratrooper who gave evidence testified that they were told by an officer to expect a gunfight and we want some kills.8The contend for the uproar over such killings was the British soldiers were essentially not an occupying force save a measure of peace between nationalist and loyalist paramilitary organization groups. As Catholic Bishop of Derry Ed ward Daly commented What really make blinking(a) sunlight so obscene was the fact that by and bywards at the highest level British justice confirm it.9 Acts such as this by ordained British forces reaffirmed the belief of many that the British presidential term was still the real enemy and ass the problems that continued in Northern Ireland. This warrant the cause of the nationalist movement and subsequently the IRA and Sinn Fein as well. Both organisations had now developed a strong pursual end-to-end the Republic and Northern Ireland. Whilst such occurrences did cause much suffering and disquiet they proved useful to both the IRA and Sinn Fein in acquiring widespread sponsor for the movement.Sinn Fein and the IRA were not officially think further both strived for the same(p) goal. The Provisional Irish Republican Army was a paramilitary organisation that considered itself a direct continuation of the IRA that had fought in the Irish war of Independence.10 Its verba lize objective was to end British rule in Ireland and thread Northern Irelands status as part of the join Kingdom. The Provisionals advocated for armed defence of Catholic communities in the north and an offensive campaign to end British rule. As the violence in Northern Ireland steadily increase the IRA began to call for a more aggressive campaign against British loyalists. Sinn Fein was a political party of the Republican movement. It was formed in 1970 but has traces back to the master copy party founded in 1905.11 The party is believed to be directly associated with the IRA. Both Sinn Fein and the IRA played different but converging roles in the war for liberation.Whilst the movements were not officially link up it was widely thought that they were different faces of the same movement. In 2005 the British Government tell We had always said all the way through that we believed the IRA and Sinn Fein were inextricably think and that had obvious implications at leadership leve l.12 Throughout the early seventies there was much internal argument between factions of the IRA and Sinn Fein over whether their movements primary role should chiefly military or political, although both groups viewed Britain as a colonial occupier and therefore viewed the political process as illegal. Until 1973 Sinn Fein had little interest in politics as the party was still deemed illegal by the British Government.political activity began in 1973 when Sinn Fein opened the Republican press centre on Falls Road. In 1973 the first set out at negotiations to resolve the situation led to the Sunningdale Agreement, which devised a power sharing organization in the Northern Ireland Assembly, Although this did no accommodate Sinn Fein and quickly collapsed under pressure from loyalist learns.13 In May 1974 British secretarial assistant of State Merlyn Rees legalised Sinn Fein as a political party.14 This was perhaps the beginning of tacit acquaintance by the British Government tha t negotiations were scarcely meaningful if they were directly with the IRA. Whilst local politicians such as John Hume, of the Nationalist Party, were see they did not command enough power to have any effect. clandestine meetings between Provisional IRA leaders Ruairi OBradaigh and Billy McKee with incomprehensibleary of State for Northern Ireland Merlyn Rees resulted in a ceasefire which began in February 1975.15 The armistice proved to be disastrous for the IRA leading to infiltration by many British in originators into their ranks. After a framing up of tensions and a series of sectary killings the ceasefire broke down in January 1976.16 It was earn that the original aims of the IRA leadership for a quick military triumph were receding. It was acts of violence by British authorities that justified the military side of the movement and ensured tensions would continue for years to come.As Sinn Fein began to move into the political process so did many cause revolutionaries an d IRA members. One such soulfulness was Gerry Adams after being in prison house for alleged IRA membership17 he glowering himself in a new delegacy a moved towards the political process. In 1978 he was elected as the criminality president of Sinn Fein. This most likely came as a result of the realisation by many senior figures that it was becoming more and more unlikely that a military victory could be achieved. Whilst monumental events such as bloody(a) sunshine lead to anti-British sentiment to sky rocket many turned away from violence and embraced the political system.Protests by a number of lag IRA members in foresightful Kesh jug showed the power of political tactics, leading to the potency of Sinn Fein as a political force. The 1981 crave bear upon was the climax of a five year complain by Republican prisoners in Northern Ireland. The witness in the beginning began in 197618 when the British Government outback(a) its special category status for convicted param ilitary prisoners. This status had provided them with Prisoner of War privileges as specified in the Geneva Convention.19 Prisoners did not have to wear prison uniforms, do prison work and were allowed to be housed within their own paramilitary factions. They were likewise authorize to receive extra food parcels and have extra visits. When these rights were removed by the British Government, as recommended by the Gardiner Committee20, the prisoners began a protestation to gain them back. It started with a blanket protest in which prisoners refused to wear uniforms but or else wrapped themselves in prison blankets they stated that they were not criminals but political prisoners.In 197821 the dispute escalated into a dirty protest in which prisoners refused to wash and covered their kiosk walls with excrement. In 1980 the first hunger strike took place but to no religious service ending after 53 days.22 The bit strike in 1981 is perhaps one of the best know instances of protes t throughout the campaign. The strike was lead by former IRA Officer Commanding in the prison, Bobby sand.23 At the beginning of the strike there was little progress and it didnt receive much outside support. But after five days the strike genuine a much needed advertize the Independent Republican MP for Fermanagh and reciprocal ohm Tyrone died and a by-election was called to appoint his replacement. It was decided that Bobby sandpaper would stand against the Ulster Unionist Party prognosis Harry West.24 On 9 April 1981 Sands won a narrow victory and was elected to the British House of Commons.25 The victory attracted worldwide attention and thousands of media personnel descended on Belfast. On the sextupletty sixth day of the hunger strikes, May 5, Sands died causing riots across Northern Ireland.One hundred thousand people lined the alley of his funeral a few days later.26 In the weeks after Sands death three more hunger strikers died,27 and another by-election had to be h eld for the seat of Fermanagh and South Tyrone. Due to the fact that the British Government had rushed through the Representation of the People Act,28 which meant prisoners serving more than one year could not pull for parliament, so Sands election factor Owen Carron had to run instead. He withdrawed a akin victory gaining a larger ploughshare of the votes.The success of hunger strike created a firm platform for Irish republicanism and pave the way for the formal entry of Sinn Fein into electoral politics the following year. It was also more or less this period that the British Government began reforming its policies in relation to the IRA and Sinn Fein. They now viewed Sinn Fein as a legitimate political movement who would be included in official negotiations. The achievements of the hunger strikers proved the power of political activism as opposed to violence they also exposed the falseness of the British Governments claim that the Republican movement had no support.The eve nts of 1969-82 change the Republican movement from a violence orientated force to a significant political force. As Sinn Fein began to grow as a political force the IRA slowly, and with considerable internal difficulties, changed its ways. This eventually paved the way for an official ceasefire in 1994. Their covenant to decommission their weapons meant that Sinn Fein was allowed to come to the negotiation tabularise and play a significant role in the Good Friday accordance of 1998.That agreement resulted in a devolved power sharing structure of self government for Northern Ireland, whilst it still remained within the United Kingdom.29 In 2007 Martin McGuiness of Sinn Fein was appointed deputy first minister and held equal power alongside Ian Paisely of the DUP in the Northern Ireland Assembly Government.30 From the split in the nationalist movement in 1969 to its reemergence throughout the seventies, alongside the IRA, there was much change. Events such as all-fired Sunday inc rease the military overtone of the movement but ultimately peaceful political power prevailed. Acts such as the 1981 hunger strike proved the power of political protest as compared to violence. Ultimately Sinn Fein grew into a legitimate political party and as of 2009 they became the largest party in Northern Ireland following European Parliamentary elections.31_______________________________________________________BibliographyLiterary SourcesEnglish, Richard (2003), Armed seek The write up of the IRA, locomote Books, Stuttgart, Germany________________________________________________________________________Geraghty, Tony (2000), The Irish War The Hidden Conflict amidst the IRA and British Intelligence, The Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland, the States________________________________________________________________________Hastings, Max (1970), Ulster 1969 The make do for Civil Rights in Northern Ireland, winner Gollancz LTD, London, United Kingdom_______________________ _________________________________________________McEvoy, Kieran (2001), Paramilitary fetter in Northern Ireland Resistance, Management, and Release, Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom________________________________________________________________________Moloney, Ed (2002), A Secret narration of the IRA, Penguin Books, New Jersey, USA________________________________________________________________________Mullan, Don (1997), witness Bloody Sunday The Truth, Wolfhound Press, Dublin, Ireland________________________________________________________________________OBrien, Brendan (1995), the Long War, the IRA and Sinn Fein, Syracuse University Press, New York, USA________________________________________________________________________Electronic SourcesBBC (2009), on this day 9 Decmeber1973 (online), BBC, London, United Kingdom. forthcoming from http//news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/celestial latitude/9/newsid_2536000/2536767.stm (Accessed 26 July 2009)________ ________________________________________________________________BBC (2009), Profile Martin McGuinness (online), BBC, London, United Kingdom. Available fromhttp//news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/1303355.stm (Accessed 29 July 2009)________________________________________________________________________CAIN Web Service (2009), A chronology of the conflict (online), University of Ulster, Belfast, United Kingdom. Available fromhttp//cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch76.htm (Accessed 27 July 2009)________________________________________________________________________ churchman Gardiner (1975), Report of a Committee to consider, in the context of civil liberties and human rights, measures to big money with terrorism in Northern Ireland draw in (online), University of Ulster, Belfast, United Kingdom. Available from http//cain.ulst.ac.uk/hmso/gardiner.htm1 (Accessed July 28 2009)________________________________________________________________________McClean, Raymond, The Road t o Bloody Sunday Extracts (online), University of Ulster, Belfast, United Kingdom. Available from http//cain.ulst.ac.uk/events/bsunday/mcclean.htm (Accessed 28 July 2009)________________________________________________________________________National archives of Ireland (no date), Documents on Irish impertinent policy serial text of the Anglo-Irish Treaty (online), Irish Government, Dublin, Ireland, Available from http//www.nationalarchives.ie/topics/anglo_irish/dfaexhib2.html (Accessed 1 August 2009)________________________________________________________________________ peak diplomatic ministers Office (2005), apprize from the Prime Ministers authorised Spokesman on anti Terror Law, chairperson Bush/EU, Foreign Doctors in NHS, run and Northern Ireland (online), British Government, London, United Kingdom, Available from http//www.number10.gov.uk/Page7148 (Accessed 29 July 20090________________________________________________________________________Sinn Fein authoritative Website (2009), annals made Sinn Fein is now the largest party in the six counties (online), Belfast, United Kingdom, Available fromhttp//www.sinnfein.ie/contents/16580 (Accessed 29 July 2009)________________________________________________________________________University College Cork (2009), Multitext undertaking in Irish History Movements for Political and societal Reform, 1870 1914 (online), University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, Available from http//multitext.ucc.ie/d/Ireland_politics__administration_1870-191412TheFirstSinnFeacuteinParty (Accessed 25 July 2009)________________________________________________________________________1 National Archives of Ireland, Documents on Irish Foreign Policy Series text of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, n.d, (1 August 2009)2 Moloney, Ed (2002), A Secret History of the IRA, Penguin Books. p. 2463 English, Richard (2003), Armed Struggle The History of the IRA, Pan Books. p. 1364 OBrien, Brendan, the Long War, the IRA and Sinn Fein (1995)5 M oloney, Ed, A Secret History of the IRA. p. 806 McClean, Raymond, The Road to Bloody Sunday Extracts, 1997, http//cain.ulst.ac.uk/events/bsunday/mcclean.htm (28 July 2009)7 Mullan, Don, Eyewitness Bloody Sunday The Truth, Wolfhound Press8 Geraghty, Tony, The Irish War The Hidden Conflict Between the IRA and British Intelligence, unknown p. 659 Mullan, Don, Eyewitness Bloody Sunday The Truth10 Moloney, Ed, A Secret History of the IRA. p. 43211 University College Cork, Multitext project in Irish History Movements for Political and Social Reform, 1870 1914, 2009, http//multitext.ucc.ie/d/Ireland_politics__administration_1870-191412TheFirstSinnFeacuteinParty (25 July 2009)12 Prime Ministers Office, Briefing from the Prime Ministers Official Spokesman on Anti Terror Law, President Bush/EU, Foreign Doctors in NHS, Hunting and Northern Ireland, 21 February 2005, http//www.number10.gov.uk/Page714813 BBC, On this day 9 Decmeber1973, 2009, http//news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/sto ries/ declination/9/newsid_2536000/2536767.stm (26 July 2009)14 Moloney, Ed, A Secret History of the IRA15 Moloney, Ed, A Secret History of the IRA16 English, Richard, Armed Struggle The History of the IRA, p. 13617 Moloney, Ed, A Secret History of the IRA p. 140.18 McClean, Raymond, The Road to Bloody Sunday Extracts19 McEvoy, Kieran, Paramilitary Imprisonment in Northern Ireland Resistance, Management, and Release, Oxford University Press20 master Gardiner, Report of a Committee to consider, in the context of civil liberties and human rights, measures to deal with terrorism in Northern Ireland Extract, 1975, http//cain.ulst.ac.uk/hmso/gardiner.htm1 (July 28 2009)21 CAIN Web Service, A chronology of the conflict, 2009, http//cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch76.htm (27 July 2009)22 CAIN Web Service, A chronology of the conflict23 English, Richard, Armed Struggle The History of the IRA p. 19624 Moloney, Ed, A Secret History of the IRA p. 21125 CAIN Web Service, A chronology of th e conflict26 CAIN Web Service, A chronology of the conflict27 CAIN Web Service, A chronology of the conflict28 CAIN Web Service, A chronology of the conflict29 CAIN Web Service, A chronology of the conflict30 BBC, Profile Martin McGuinness, 2009, http//news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/1303355.stm (29 July 2009)31 Sinn Fein Online, History made Sinn Fein is now the largest party in the six counties, 2009, http//www.sinnfein.ie/contents/16580 (29 July 2009)